#insmod xx. ko
The following error reports
Cause of problem:
Since the 3.7 kernel, there has been a kernel signature mechanism.
When compiling the kernel, The options related to kernel signature in .config are as follows:
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG=y
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_ALL=y
1. There is a method to sign Ko
/usr/src/linux-4.9.61/scripts/sign-file sha512 /usr/src/linux-4.9.61/certs/signing_key.pem /usr/src/linux-4.9.61/certs/signing_key.x509 hello.ko
2. The second method is to disable signing
Add it to your Makefile:
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG=n
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