Error information:

/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-functions.sh: line 398: syntax error near unexpected token `<'
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-functions.sh: line 398: `  done < <(for text in "${input[@]}"; do'
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 70: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 87: hadoop_bootstrap: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 104: hadoop_parse_args: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 105: shift: : numeric argument required
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 110: hadoop_find_confdir: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 111: hadoop_exec_hadoopenv: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 112: hadoop_import_shellprofiles: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 113: hadoop_exec_userfuncs: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 119: hadoop_exec_user_hadoopenv: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 120: hadoop_verify_confdir: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 122: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 123: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 124: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 129: hadoop_os_tricks: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 131: hadoop_java_setup: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 133: hadoop_basic_init: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 36: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 38: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 40: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 42: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 44: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 46: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 48: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 50: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 52: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 54: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 62: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/yarn-config.sh: line 64: hadoop_deprecate_envvar: command not found
/app/module/hadoop310/libexec/hadoop-config.sh: line 140: hadoop_shellprofiles_init: command not found

The specific cause of the error has not been found yet.
Solution: switch to the Hadoop directory and go directly.
cd /app/module/hadoop310
./sbin/start-dfs.sh