Python USES the PO design pattern for automated testing

in web automation test, PO mode is Page Object (operation flow is separated from Page elements); The test case does not contain any element positioning, only the business logic, and the page element positioning is written as a method encapsulated in the object.

PO mode basic steps are divided into 3 steps:
1. Prepare the base class BasePage, which contains all the page’s element operation methods
2. Define A class A, which inherits the BasePage class, which contains all the element positioning and action that the test page needs to use encapsulated as A method
3. Define A class B to inherit from unittest, write the test case (just call the corresponding wrapper method in A to complete the business logic writing)

follow the above three steps to operate the login of suning: 

# !/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains


class BasePage(object):

    def __init__(self, br, url):
        self.br = br
        self.url = url

    # 打开网页
    def open_url(self):
        self.br.get(self.url)

    # 查找元素
    def find_element(self, *loc):
        return self.br.find_element(*loc)

    # 输入
    def input_txt(self, loc, text):
        self.find_element(*loc).send_keys(text)

    # 清空文本
    def clear(self, loc):
        self.find_element(*loc).clear()

    # 点击
    def click(self, loc):
        self.find_element(*loc).click()

    # 下拉列表选择
    def select_term(self, loc, index):
        # 实例化Select
        Select(self.find_element(*loc)).select_by_index(int(index))
        # s1.select_by_index(1)  # 选择第二项选项：o1
        # s1.select_by_value("o2")  # 选择value="o2"的项
        # s1.select_by_visible_text("o3")  # 选择text="o3"的值，即在下拉时我们可以看到的文本

    # 鼠标悬浮
    def mouse_hover(self, loc):
        move = self.find_element(*loc)
        ActionChains(self.br).move_to_element(move).perform()

    # 获取title
    def get_title(self):
        return self.br.title

    # 获取文本信息
    def get_txt(self, loc):
        return self.find_element(*loc).text

    # 获取当前页面url
    def get_page_url(self):
        return self.br.current_url

web_login.py

# !/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from bs_page import BasePage


class LoginPage(BasePage):

    def __init__(self, br, url):
        BasePage.__init__(self, br, url)

    # 切换登录方式
    def switch_login_type(self):
        login_type = (By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/a[2]')
        self.click(login_type)

    # 输入用户名
    def send_user_name(self, username):
        name_input = (By.ID, "userName")
        self.clear(name_input)
        self.input_txt(name_input, username)

    # 输入密码
    def send_user_pwd(self, userpwd):
        pwd_input = (By.ID, "password")
        self.clear(pwd_input)
        self.input_txt(pwd_input, userpwd)

    # 点击 登录按钮
    def click_login_btn(self):
        login_btn = (By.ID, 'submit')
        self.click(login_btn)

    # 获取提示信息
    def get_emg_txt(self):
        emg_txt = (By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/span')
        return self.get_txt(emg_txt)

ex_login.py

# !/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import time
import ddt
import unittest
from pages.web_login import LoginPage
from common import html_report, read_yaml, journal, set_browser


@ddt.ddt
class TestBiliLogin(unittest.TestCase):

    # 日志
    log = journal.bs_log()
    # 读取用例
    login_data = read_yaml.get_yaml_data("login_data.yaml")
    # 浏览器初始化配置
    br = set_browser.base_browser()
    # 网站首页地址
    web_url = set_browser.base_url()

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        pass

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        # 退出浏览器
        cls.br.quit()

    # 初始化工作
    def setUp(self):
        time.sleep(1)

    # 退出清理工作
    def tearDown(self):
        time.sleep(1)

    @ddt.data(*login_data)
    def test_login(self, user_data):
        br = self.br
        p_url = self.web_url+"/login"

        b_page = LoginPage(br, p_url)
        # 打开登录页面
        b_page.open_url()
        # 切换登录方式
        b_page.switch_login_type()
        # 输入用户名
        b_page.send_user_name(user_data[0])
        # 输入密码
        b_page.send_user_pwd(user_data[1])
        # 点击 登录
        b_page.click_login_btn()
        # 获取当前页面地址
        page_url = b_page.get_page_url()
        # 判断页面地址是否发生变化
        if page_url == p_url:
            # 获取提示信息
            emg = b_page.get_emg_txt()
            self.assertEqual(user_data[2], emg)
        else:
            # 获取页面title
            p_title = b_page.get_title()
            self.assertEqual(user_data[2], p_title)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    suite = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestBiliLogin)
    # 调用定义HTMLTestRunner的方法
    runner = html_report.re_html_cn()
    # 执行测试套件
    runner.run(suite)


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